The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act[1] — also referred to as the Bipartisan Infrastructure Package — was signed into law by President Joe Biden on Nov. 15, 2021. The bill contains $1.2 trillion in total funding ($550 billion of which is new spending) for various infrastructure purposes, including roads and bridges, broadband, drinking water resources, airports, electrical vehicles and more. In this brief, analysts at The Council of State Governments break down the $163.5 billion in funding going to public transit, rail, airports and ports and waterways improvements. State by state fact sheets are available with preliminary estimates of funding to be allocated by the U.S. Department of Transportation.
Funding Breakdown
Passenger and Freight Rail
- Funds for Amtrak to eliminate the maintenance backlog, modernize the Northeast Corridor and extend rail service past the northeast and mid-Atlantic regions – $66 billion.
- Grants to Amtrak for track improvement and train purchases – $22 billion.
- Intercity Passenger Rail federal-state partnership grants establishing new and renovating existing corridors – $36 billion.
- Additional funding to the Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and Safety Improvements Program to improve the safety, efficiency and reliability of intercity passenger and freight rail – $5 billion.
- Additional funding to the Railroad Grade-Crossing Elimination Program to eliminate hazards at railway-highway crossings – $3 billion.
- The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act authorizes possible additional investments of $36 billion for rail by 2026, but these funds require separate Congressional approval.
Public Transit
- Increased baseline levels of funding in contract authority (a form of mandatory budget authority) from the Mass Transit account of the Highway Trust Fund for transit programs administered by the Federal Transit Administration – $19 billion.
- State of Good Repair grants to transit agencies to support maintenance, replacement and rehabilitation projects – $5 billion.
- Capital Investment Grants to support new and expanded commuter and light rail, bus and ferry service – $8 billion.
- Funding to improve mobility for seniors and individuals with disabilities by removing barriers to transportation service and expanding transportation mobility options – $2 billion.
- Funding to state and local governments for the purchase or lease of zero-emission and low-emission transit buses under the Low-No Program – $5 billion.
Airports, Ports and Waterways
- Funding for the Airport Improvement grant programfor runways, gates and taxiways– $15 billion.
- Creating the Airport Terminal Improvement program to improve air traffic control infrastructure – $5 billion.
- Funding for waterway infrastructure to mitigate the impact of extreme climates and improve port and waterway infrastructure – $17 billion.
Safety
- Funding for the Safe Streets and Roads for All program which provides grants to cities, metropolitan areas, towns and tribal areas that face disproportionate impact from crashes – $5 billion.
- Creating the Strengthening Mobility and Revolutionizing Transportation grant program for projects that advance smart city or community technologies to improve transportation safety – $500 million.
- Funding for Pipeline Safety Modernization grants – $1 billion.
- Funding for Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration Data and Enforcement – $700 million.
- Supporting Safe Driving Behaviors – $1.1 billion.
- Increasing the Highway Trust Fund to invest in road and vehicle safety improvement and appropriating funds to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration to regulate truck and bus-related industries – $2.2 billion.
Sources and Resources
- CSG briefs on the impact of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act on Roads and Bridges and Broadband Infrastructure.
- Statement from The Council of State Governments on the Bipartisan Infrastructure Package.
- Legislative Analysis for Counties and statement on infrastructure bill passage from the National Association of Counties.
- Statement from the National League of Cities.
- Report from Utility Dive.
- Highlights from Mass Transit Magazine.
- Breakdown of Safety Programs in the Bipartisan Infrastructure Bill.
- Breakdown of contents from CNN and The Washington Post.
- Estimates of macroeconomic effects of the infrastructure package from Moody’s Analytics.
- White House Fact Sheet.
- Read the full text of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act here.
Funding allocation by state
| Highway and Bridge Formula Funding (in millions, USD) | ||
| State | Transit Funding | Airport Funding |
| Alabama | $400 | $140 |
| Alaska | $362 | $392 |
| Arizona | $884 | $348 |
| Arkansas | $246 | $117 |
| California | $9,450 | $1,500 |
| Colorado | $916 | $432 |
| Connecticut | $1,300 | $62 |
| Delaware | $220 | $246 |
| District of Columbia | $1,200 | – |
| Florida | $2,600 | $1,200 |
| Georgia | $1,400 | $619 |
| Hawaii | $312 | $246 |
| Idaho | $192 | $86 |
| Illinois | $4,000 | $616 |
| Indiana | $680 | $170 |
| Iowa | $305 | $120 |
| Kansas | $272 | $109 |
| Kentucky | $391 | $204 |
| Louisiana | $407 | $179 |
| Maine | $243 | $74 |
| Maryland | $1,700 | $158 |
| Massachusetts | $2,500 | $244 |
| Michigan | $1,000 | $363 |
| Minnesota | $818 | $297 |
| Mississippi | $223 | $99 |
| Missouri | $674 | $246 |
| Montana | $157 | $143 |
| Nebraska | $186 | $111 |
| Nevada | $459 | $293 |
| New Hampshire | $125 | $45.6 |
| New Jersey | $4,100 | $272 |
| New Mexico | $366 | $90 |
| New York | $9,800 | $685 |
| North Carolina | $910 | $460 |
| North Dakota | $109 | $94 |
| Ohio | $1,200 | $253 |
| Oklahoma | $349 | $137 |
| Oregon | $747 | $211 |
| Pennsylvania | $2,900 | $355 |
| Rhode Island | $272 | $45 |
| South Carolina | $366 | $161 |
| South Dakota | $124 | $82 |
| Tennessee | $630 | $300 |
| Texas | $3,300 | $1,200 |
| Utah | $623 | $181 |
| Vermont | $77 | $28 |
| Virginia | $1,200 | $386 |
| Washington | $1,790 | $385 |
| West Virginia | $190 | $44 |
| Wisconsin | $592 | $198 |
| Wyoming | – | $72 |
| American Samoa | $7.5 | $6 |
| Guam | $11 | $30 |
| Northern Mariana Islands | $7 | $30 |
| Puerto Rico | $456 | $102 |
| U.S. Virgin Islands | $25 | $30 |
Data Source: White House State Fact Sheets.
Note that figures are estimates and do not include the competitive grants for which states, territories and the District of Columbia are eligible to apply.
[1] Also commonly known as the “Bipartisan Infrastructure Framework.”