A primary election is an election where political parties choose their candidates for the general election. State law determines whether the primary is a partially open, semi-closed, closed, open to unaffiliated voters, open or top-two election.
Continue readingStatewide Ballots Measures: 2023 Recap and Anticipated Trends
An increasing amount of statewide ballot measures have been put to a vote in off-year elections. More than half of the 41 statewide ballot measures proposed in 2023 addressed taxation, public finance, and civil rights, civil liberties and minority issues.
Continue readingState Workforce Trend Mirrors 1970s’ Low Rates
The labor force participation rate is the percentage of the civilian noninstitutionalized population that is either working or actively looking for work. Rather than a new phenomenon, the decline of states’ labor force participation rates is a structural trend dating to the 1970s.
Continue readingProposed Enhancements to the National Apprenticeship System
By Joe Paul and Mary Wurtz
On Jan. 17, the Office of the Federal Register published a notice of proposed rulemaking from the U.S. Department of Labor titled “National Apprenticeship System Enhancements.” The proposed rule changes present a range of updates to 29 CFR Part 29, the regulations governing apprenticeship labor standards and the National Apprenticeship System. The 60-day period for public comment on the proposed regulations closes March 18.
The proposed changes are summarized in three subparts, as a resource for policymakers, apprenticeship professionals and others to make informed comments before the deadline passes.
Subpart A addresses proposed changes to the definitions and standards for registered apprenticeship programs. Primarily, proposed changes under section 29.8 reinforces current apprenticeship standards, requiring a minimum of 2,000 on-the-job training hours for all programs and 144 related instruction hours per each 2,000 hours on the job. Amendments in subpart A also seek to standardize and centralize existing practices for program registration, the signing of apprenticeship agreements and more.
Subpart A also updates definitions for key components of registered apprenticeship and adds definitions for terms like “pre-apprenticeship,” which have been used by the federal government for several years but never formally added to regulations. Proposed changes also clarify the requirements for an occupation to be deemed “suitable” for apprenticeship and the federal government’s ultimate authority in determining an occupation’s suitability.
Subpart B, beginning with proposed section 29.24, was developed in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Education to increase student apprenticeship capacity. Acknowledging participation of high-school-aged youth in registered apprenticeships has been limited. The goal is to expand apprenticeship opportunities for high school and postsecondary students. Subpart B introduces core requirements that blend labor standards and industry skillsets into career and technical education (CTE) apprenticeship programs. This requires coordination with each state’s CTE and apprenticeship registration agency to increase the development and registration of CTE-based apprenticeship programs.
Emphasizing the skills found in industry frameworks, the model increases related instruction hours and on-the-job training targeting youth, specifically those aged 16-24, in high school or already engaged in postsecondary education. The programs will be aligned with Perkins CTE programs, and state CTE agencies will play a critical role in their development and implementation. The apprentice will gain industrywide skills, recognized postsecondary credentials and pathways to employment, the types of registered apprenticeships outlined in Subpart A, and opportunities for further education.
Subpart C reflects the Department of Labor’s emphasis on data collection and the related metrics of success. The subpart acknowledges that technological advances have led to increased emphasis on data-driven decision-making and the role of the Registered Apprenticeship Data and Program Information Data System (RAPIDS) in enhancing collection, reporting and analysis capabilities. The changes include collecting individual participant information, tracking apprentice progress and new measures for evaluating success. Within the proposed changes, the Department of Labor recognized concerns with information disclosure, privacy and data protection while balancing the need to enhance the existing apprenticeship data systems.
Subpart C also outlines recognition for the responsibilities of state apprenticeship agencies, duties and functions of state apprenticeship agencies — including an apprenticeship state plan — and reciprocity issues that may arise with registration. The proposed rulemaking also includes requirements for state apprenticeship agencies to submit quarterly apprentice and sponsor data to RAPIDS, with the goal of improving data quality, increasing agency transparency and providing accountability within registered apprenticeships.
All proposed changes by the Department of Labor seek to align the U.S. National Apprenticeship System with international labor best practices and recent research on registered apprenticeship programs. Employers, policymakers, apprentices, labor organizations and others can submit comments on the proposed rule changes by March 18.
For questions, please contact Mary Wurtz via email at [email protected] or Joe Paul at [email protected].
CSG Joins Leading Organizations for White House Announcement of CHIPS R&D Program Investment
On Feb. 9, David Adkins, executive director/CEO of The Council of State Governments, joined leaders from the Departments of Commerce, Defense and Energy; the National Science Foundation; and the chief executive officer of the National Center for the Advancement of Semiconductor Technology (Natcast) at the White House, where federal officials announced over $5 billion in expected investment in the CHIPS R&D program, including the National Semiconductor Technology Center (NSTC), to establish a public-private consortium for the NSTC. The announcement included hundreds of millions of dollars of expected investment in the semiconductor workforce, along with specific funding announcements in packaging, metrology and a CHIPS Manufacturing USA Institute.
“Efforts to expand and accelerate the manufacturing of semiconductor CHIPS in America is not only necessary to protect America’s national security interests, but these investments will also help grow the economies of the states,” Adkins said.
“Many states are well positioned to forge public private partnership to conduct robust R&D and to expand high tech manufacturing capacity. Every state has prioritized reskilling and upskilling their workforce to expand opportunities for their citizens to succeed in the jobs of the future. Federal investments in workforce development will help states make this transition.”
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Remembering Former Ohio Senate President, CSG National Chair Stanley Aronoff
The Council of State Governments mourns the passing of former Ohio Senate President Stanley J. Aronoff, who died yesterday at the age of 91.
Continue readingSHARE Act A Viable Solution to Licensure Compact Barrier
The continued success of the 17 available occupational licensure compacts has been accompanied by intermittent difficulties for states and territories when conducting background checks through the FBI for an authorization to practice from an interstate compact. To alleviate this barrier, the bipartisan SHARE Act was introduced by Kansas Rep. Tracey Mann.
Continue readingInterbranch Collaboration Drives Performance, Evidence-Based Policymaking in North Carolina, Utah
States have made significant progress in adopting evidence-based policies and programs. Using evidence in policymaking effectively requires interbranch collaboration and coordination between the executive and legislative branches. Such cooperation across branches offers several state-strengthening benefits.
Continue readingMilitary 101: Understanding the Differences between Active Duty, National Guard and Reserves
Within the many recognizable branches of the military are a multitude of ways to serve with which many Americans may not be familiar. Each of the six branches of the armed forces falls under one of three departments: the Navy, Army or Air Force.
Continue readingState Leaders Convene, Collaborate at the 2023 CSG National Conference in Raleigh
The 2023 CSG National Conference in Raleigh has officially come to a close. Leaders from 50 states, the District of Columbia, five U.S. territories and five Canadian provinces convened in North Carolina’s capital city for a week of collaboration and advancing state governments.
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